Noise

Conduct and document analyses and prepare NEPA documentation.

Qualified noise professionals

Lead authors on noise studies must have completed the National Highway Institute (NHI) Highway Traffic Noise course or equivalent. 

See our list of Qualified noise professionals (PDF 399KB) for the names and contact information of consultants and WSDOT staff that have met this requirement. If you have taken the course, but are not listed, contact Jim Laughlin, Jim.Laughlin@wsdot.wa.gov, with a copy of the Certificate of Training from NHI, or equivalent, to verify qualifications.

Project analysis request and checklist

To request a noise analysis, contact Jim Laughlin Jim.Laughlin@wsdot.wa.gov.  

Authors of noise studies, use the Noise report checklist (PDF 96KB) to include all information required information. Use the Noise report template (DOCX 499KB) as an outline and for standardized background text to ensure your project documentation meets our criteria.

Traffic noise model

Follow the Traffic Noise Model (TNM) Guidance (PDF 743KB) for the traffic noise analysis.

Document impacts

Follow the ERS-ECS for noise (PDF 154KB) guidance to document impacts for CE projects.

Noise walls

Engineers, refer to the FHWA Noise Barrier Design Handbook when finalizing noise wall design. Engage the affected community regarding noise wall design following our Noise Policy.

Determine if your project will require a nighttime noise variance

If your project requires work at night, the project will need a noise variance if a local agency has noise limits and if work is to occur outside of those limits. Noise limits usually are in effect between 10 pm and 7 am, but vary by jurisdictions or type of land use adjoining the construction noise source. If some or all of your work will occur at night,

If you know work will be required outside of the noise limits, you may obtain the variance and include conditions in the contract.

If you do not know or specify in the contract that there will be nighttime work, the contractor is responsible for obtaining the permit.

In most jurisdictions, daytime noise from construction and maintenance activities is exempt from requirements. Construction and maintenance activities that do not exceed the property line noise level identified by regulations would be exempt. Noise caused during emergency work or to restore property following a public calamity is also exempt.

Underwater noise monitoring

Find guidance noise monitoring and analysis guidance on our Endangered Species & Essential Fish Habitat webpage.

Manuals

Environmental Manual Chapter 446: Noise (PDF 354KB) 

2020 Noise Policy (PDF 528KB) - The policies for project-level noise analysis. 

• Appendix 1: State funds option (PDF 188KB) 
• Appendix 2: Improving the noise environment when standard options aren't available (PDF 460KB)
• Appendix 3: Traffic noise analysis & mitigation process (PDF 62KB) 
• Appendix 4: Contents of the traffic noise analysis/study (PDF 59KB) 
• Appendix 5: Hydraulic project types for shoulder use & noise studies (PDF 695KB)

Find information on noise requirements for transit or rail projects from the Federal Transit Administration and the Federal Rail Administration. 

FHWA Noise Barrier Design Handbook

Tools & templates

ERS-ECS for noise (PDF 154KB)

Qualified noise professionals (PDF 84KB)

Noise report checklist (PDF 96KB)

Noise report template (DOCX 499KB)

Task Request Form (DOC 195KB)

Traffic Noise Model (TNM) Guidance (PDF 743KB)

Pile driving reports

Washington State Ferries Projects

• Airborne Vibratory Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2012) (pdf 748 kb) – Memorandum describing airborne noise levels from vibratory driving of steel piles at Vashon, Wahkiakum and Keystone Ferry Terminal
• Anacortes Ferry Terminal Vibratory Report (WSDOT, 2007) (pdf 751 kb) – Monitoring report on the vibratory pile installation of steel and plastic on steel piles at Anacortes Ferry terminal. 
• Anacortes Ferry Terminal Pile Driving Report (WSDOT, 2007) (pdf 1,517 mb) – Monitoring report on the impact of steel pile installation at Anacortes Ferry Terminal. 
• Bainbridge-Fauntleroy H-Pile Vibratory Report (WSDOT, 2019) (pdf 5.75 mb) – Monitoring report on vibratory driving of 12-inch H-piles nearfield and at the limit of detection about 5 miles away.
• Bainbridge Ferry Terminal Pile Driving Report (WSDOT, 2005) (pdf 3,421 kb) – Monitoring report on the impact of steel pile installation at Bainbridge Ferry Terminal. 
• Background of Sound Levels for Ferry Terminals in Puget Sound (WSDOT, 2020) (pdf 2.0 mb) – Compendium of background noise levels near Washington State Ferry Terminals based on updated marine mammal function hearing groups corresponding to 2018 NOAA guidance. 
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Marine Structures Phase 3 Monitoring Report (WSDOT, 2020) (pdf 3.7 mb) – Year 2 of impact pile driving monitoring 24-inch steel piles at the new Mukilteo Multimodal ferry terminal.
• Cape Disappointment Pile Driving Report (WSDOT, 2006) (pdf 2,809 kb) – Monitoring report on use of pile caps for impact driving of steel piles in Puget Sound.
• Colman Dock Test Pile Project 2016 (WSDOT, 2016) (pdf 2.7 Mb) – Monitoring report on 24- and 30-inch impact-driven steel piles, includes airborne measurements.
• Colman Dock Hydroacoutic Monitoring – Phase 2 (Greenbusch, 2019) – Year 2 of annual impact pile driving monitoring report of 24-inch and 36-inch steel piles at Colman Dock.
• Coupleville Ferry Terminal Timber Towers Preservation Project Report (WSDOT, 2017) (pdf 1.8 Mb) – Monitoring report on impact driving of 24-inch steel pile, includes airborne measurements.
• Eagle Harbor Maintenance Facility Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2005) (pdf 34 kb) -- Monitoring report on impact pile driving of steel piles at Eagle Harbor Maintenance Facility. 
• Eagle Harbor Maintenance Facility Pile Driving Report (Jasco, 2005) (pdf 562 kb) – Monitoring report on the particle velocity generated by impact pile driving of steel piles at the Eagle Harbor Maintenance Facility.
• Edmonds Ferry Terminal Vibratory Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2011) (pdf 139 kb) -- Monitoring report on vibratory pile driving of steel piles at the Edmonds Ferry Terminal.  
• Edmond-Kingston: Vibratory Pile Reset Comparison Report (WSDOT, 2017) (pdf 1.0 Mb) – Monitoring report on vibratory extraction and reset of 30-inch piles to determine of operation is quiter than typical vibratory driving. 
• Friday Harbor Ferry Terminal Report (WSDOT, 2005) (pdf 5,068 kb) – Monitoring report on impact pile driving of steel piles using air, diesel and hydraulic hammers and different bubble curtain configurations at Friday Harbor Ferry Terminal.
• Keystone Ferry Terminal Vibratory Report (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 640 kb) – Monitoring report on vibratory installation of steel piles at keystone Ferry Terminal.
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Boring Noise Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2007) (pdf 190 kb) – Noise monitoring report on boring operation north of the Mukilteo Ferry Terminal.
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Marine Structures Phase 2 Monitoring Report (WSDOT, 2018) (pdf 3.7 mb) – Year 1 of impact pile driving monitoring 24-inch steel piles at new Mukilteo Multimodal terminal.
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Marine Structures Phase 3 Monitoring Report (WSDOT, 2020) (pdf 3.7 mb)– Year 2 of impact pile driving monitoring 24-inch steel piles at the new Mukilteo Multimodal ferry terminal.
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Test Pile Project Report (WSDOT, 2007) (pdf 2,247 kb) – Noise monitoring report for underwater and airborne noise from impact pile driving of steel and concrete piles using Temporary Noise Attenuation Devices (TNAPS).
• Mukilteo Ferry Terminal Test Pile Project Report (Jasco, 2007) (pdf 650 kb) – Noise monitoring report for the underwater noise and background sound levels at distance from the impact test pile project north of the Mukilteo Ferry Terminal.
• Port Townsend Slip 1 Transfer Span (WSDOT, 2014) (pdf 4.8 mb) – Impact pile driving monitoring of 24-inch and 30-inch steel pipe piles measured at a range of 10 meters (midwater depth) and 3H (80% water depth) where H is the water depth at the pile.
• Port Townsend Timber Pile Removal (WSDOT, 2011) (pdf 129 kb) – Monitoring report of vibratory removal of timber piles at Port Townsend Ferry Terminal.
• Port Townsend Test Pile Report (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 893) – Monitoring report of vibratory and impact pile installation of steel piles at Port Townsend Ferry Terminal.
• Seattle Ferry Terminal Batter Pile Report (WSDOT, 2012) (pdf 637 kb) – Monitoring report of a single battered steel pile at Seattle Ferry Terminal.
• Vashon Test Pile Report (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 2,967 kb) -- Monitoring report of impact pile driving of steel piles with modified TNAP at Vashon Ferry Terminal.
• Vashon Ferry Terminal Vibratory Report (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 202 kb) – Monitoring report of vibratory installation of steel piles at Vashon Ferry Terminal.
• Vashon Test Pile Project 2016 (WSDOT, 2016) (pdf 1.9 Mb) – Pile driving monitoring report of double walled and mandrel test piles at Vashon, includes airborne measurements.
• Vashon Ferry Terminal Pile Driving (WSDOT, 2017) (1,762 kb) – Monitoring report of pile driving noise from control piles and noise reducing piles at Vashon Ferry Terminal.
• Wahkiakum Ferry Terminal Monitoring Report (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 1,208 kb) – Monitoring report of impact driving of steel piles for Wahkiakum Ferry Terminal on the Columbia River with confined bubble curtain.
• WSF Underwater Background Monitoring Report (WSDOT, 2014) (pdf 1,112 kb) – Compendium of background sound levels near various ferry terminals in Puget Sound.

Bridge Projects

• Hood Canal Bridge Report (Battelle, 2005) (pdf 4,938 kb) – Monitoring report of impact driving steel piles at the Hood Canal Bridge, Puget Sound
• Hood Canal Bridge Pile Driving Report (Battelle, 2004) (pdf 659 kb) – Monitoring report of impact driving steel piles at low tide on the beach near Hood Canal Bridge, Puget Sound
• I-5 Tacoma HOV: Puyallup River Bridge Report (WSDOT, 2016) (pdf 1.3 Mb) – Monitoring report for 14-inche H-piles during impact driving in the Puyallup River adjacent to I-5.
• I-5 Tacoma HOV: Puyallup River Bridge Report, year 2 (WSDOT, 2020) (pdf 6.3 mb) – Monitoring report for 24-inch steel pipe piles with 14-inch H-pile stingers.
• I-90 Snoqualmie pass East, Keechelus Lake Avalance Bridge Blasting (WSDOT, 2016) (pdf 1.4 Mb) – Underwater noise monitoring of upland rock blasting.
• I-90 Yakima River Bridges Cle Elum to Ellensburg (WSDOT, 2018) (pdf 3.3 mb)– Monitoring report for 24-inch steel pipe piles in Yakima River
• I-90 Yakima River Bridge Ellensburg (WSDOT, 2019) (pdf 4.0 mb)– Monitoring report for 24-inch steel pipe piles in Yakima River.
• Manette Bridge Vibratory Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2010) (pdf 294 kb) – Monitoring report of vibratory installation of steel piles at the Manette Bridge, WA.
• Manette Bridge Pier Demolition (WSDOT, 2012) (pdf 1,552 kb) – Monitoring report of demolition of concrete bridge piers above water with a hoe-ram.
• SR 24 Bridge Replacement Report (WSDOT, 2005) (pdf 1,374 kb) – Monitoring report of impact pile driving of steel piles in Yakima river for the SR 24 bridge replacement project.
• SR 202 Evans Creek Technical Memo (WSDOT, 2006) (pdf 205 kb) – Monitoring report for upland impact pile driving of steel H-piles.
• SR 202 Evans Creek Bridge (WSDOT, 2006) (pdf 600 kb kb) – Monitoring report for upland impact pile driving of steel piles.
• SR 240 Bridge Replacement Report (WSDOT, 2004) (pdf 2,532 kb) – Monitoring of impact driving of steel piles in Yakima river for SR 240 bridge replacement project.
• SR 240 Bridge Replacement Report (WSDOT, 2003) (pdf 740 kb) – Monitoring of impact driving of steel piles in Yakima River for SR 240 bridge replacement project.
• SR 411 Lexington Bridge Report (WSDOT, 2006) (pdf 486 kb) – Monitoring report of impact driving of steel piles in the Cowlitz River.
• SR 520 Test Pile Project Monitoring Report (Illingworth & Rodkin, 2010) (pdf 4,216 kb) – Monitoring report of impact driving of steel piles in Lake Washington using TNAP and DNAP attenuation devices.   
• SR 520 West Connection Bridge Report (WSDOT, 2014) – Monitoring report of impact driving of 24-inch and 30-inch steel piles including airborne measurements.
  • Report (pdf 4.3 Mb)
  • Appendix (pdf 1.1 Mb)
• SR 520 West Approach Bridge North Report (WSDOT, 2016) (pdf 12,454 kb) – Monitoring report of first year for 24-inch and 30-inch steel pile impact driving including airborne noise measurements.
• SR 520 West Approach Bridge North Report (WSDOT, 2016) – Monitoring report of impact driving of 30-inch steel piles in Lake Washington.
  • Report (pdf 1.3 Mb)
  • Appendix A (pdf 3.9 Mb)
  • Appendix B (pdf 1.5 Mb)
• SR 520 Concrete Pier Demolition Report (WSDOT, 2017) (pdf 1.9 Mb) – Monitoring report of demolition of concrete bridge piers using hoe-ram.
• SR 529 Ebey Slough Bridge Replacement (WSDOT, 2011) (pdf 2.0 Mb) – Monitoring report of impact driving of steel piles for underwater and airborne noise at Ebey Slough, Washington.

Research Projects

• Acoustic Radiation from a Submerged Pile during Pile Driving (Stockham, Dahl, Reinhall, 2010) (pdf 161 kb) – Research report describing how impact hammer energy levels are transferred through a steel pile at Vashon Ferry terminal.
• Analysis of the Port Townsend Underwater Acoustic Background (Stockham, Dahl, Reinhall, 2010) (pdf 307 kb) – Research on the best methods to collect and report underwater background sound levels in Puget Sound.
• Commencement Bay Double Walled Pile Prototype Measurements (Dahl, Reinhall, Dardis, Laughlin, Marver, Soleway and Farrell, 2015) (pdf 2.53 mb)
• Characterizing Underwater Noise from Industrial Pile Driving at Close Range (Stockham, Dahl, Reinhall, 2010) (pdf 310 kb) – Research report on characterizing the underwater noise generated during impact pile driving at Vashon Ferry Terminal.
• Investigation of the Performance of a Method to Reduce Pile Driving Generated Underwater Noise (Zhou, 2009) (pdf 1,972 kb) – Research report on a new method to reduce underwater noise generated during impact pile driving of steel piles
• Measurements of Pile Driving Noise from Control Piles and Noise-Reduced Piles at Vashon Island Ferry Dock (Dahl et al., 2016) (pdf 2.6 Mb) – Monitoring of far-field noise during test pile project at Vashon to evaluate drivability of double walled and mandrel piles.
• Underwater Noise Reduction of Marine Pile Driving Using a Double Pile (Reinhall et al. 2016) (pdf 1.6 Mb) – Monitoring of double wall and mandrel piles at Vashon ferry terminal.

Track & manage commitments

Environmental Manual Chapter 490: Tracking environmental commitments during design (PDF 208KB) - To track commitments.

Environmental Manual Chapter 590: Incorporating environmental commitments into contracts (PDF 343KB) - To manage commitments.

Commitment tracking system (CTS) web application - Track and manage environmental commitments. Find instructions on how to use CTS on the CTS help menu.

Jim Laughlin
Air, Noise, Energy Program Manager
Jim.Laughlin@wsdot.wa.gov